added day23 solution - quick one for once :)

This commit is contained in:
alexchao26
2020-08-11 22:11:22 -04:00
parent cb71b35150
commit 9c7178562d
5 changed files with 596 additions and 0 deletions
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@@ -29,3 +29,4 @@ Day | Name | Type of Algo & Notes
20 | Donut Maze | __Breadth first search__ path finding algo. Dijkstra's Algorithm to find the shortest path given a maze with "portals." <br> Part 2 is kind of wild with the maze become 3D, but the solution is effectively the same, just more complex to implement <br> - I remapped this in my head to more of a 3D cube instead of a donut... <br> - That was really cool to get working... Dare I say fun...
21 | Springdroid Adventure | Another simple-ish Intcode based problem, this time using some weird __Assembly language__ that gets inputs via writing ASCII values to the Intcode computer.
22 | Slam Shuffle | - Seems fairly easy at first... But the part 2 has numbers somewhere in the 32-bit number to 64-bit number range... So the part 1 code is pretty much useless... <br> I gave up on part 2. It's some crazy linear algebra with modular inverses?.. Theoretically it makes some sense.. but I had to read someone else's solution for hours to kind of understand the implementation...
23 | Category Six | Intcode computer NETWORK of 50 computers... <br> Oof that's a lot of stuff to coordinate, but not too hard, make a Network struct. <br> Part2 doesn't seem too different, but includes a NAT device, which is simple enough to just store in variables in the goroutine... <br> That has to be record time for me to finish a day :) Sigh of relief after day22.
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/*
Intcode struct is defined within this file
*/
package main
import (
"adventofcode/util"
"fmt"
"log"
"strconv"
"strings"
)
func main() {
// read the input file, modify it to a slice of numbers
inputFile := util.ReadFile("../input.txt")
splitStrings := strings.Split(inputFile, ",")
inputNumbers := make([]int, len(splitStrings))
for i, v := range splitStrings {
inputNumbers[i], _ = strconv.Atoi(v)
}
// make the network
network := Network{}
network.Init(inputNumbers)
// run indefinitely...
for {
// assuming that I can step through each computer oen at a time,
// that they don't truly need to be running concurrently
for i := 0; i < 50; i++ {
// if this computer's queue is empty, use -1 as an input
if len(network.queues[i]) == 0 {
network.computers[i].Step(-1)
} else {
// Process off of the front of this computer's queue
front := network.queues[i][0]
network.computers[i].Step(front[0])
network.computers[i].Step(front[1])
// dequeue
network.queues[i] = network.queues[i][1:]
}
// while there are unhandled outputs of this computer, add them to the
// receiving computers's queues
for len(network.computers[i].Outputs) > 2 {
destination := network.computers[i].Outputs[0]
packet := [2]int{network.computers[i].Outputs[1],
network.computers[i].Outputs[2]}
// if destination is 255, print Y of packet and exit out PART 1 Answer
if destination == 255 {
fmt.Println(packet[1])
return
}
// otherwise, add to queues
network.queues[destination] = append(network.queues[destination], packet)
// remove three from Outputs slice
network.computers[i].Outputs = network.computers[i].Outputs[3:]
}
}
}
}
// Network will hold all 50 NIC computers
type Network struct {
computers []*Intcode
queues [][][2]int // each element will be a packet for the same-index computer to handle
}
// Init sets up the 50 computers and queues
func (network *Network) Init(puzzleInput []int) {
network.computers, network.queues = make([]*Intcode, 50), make([][][2]int, 50)
for i := 0; i < 50; i++ {
// Make and prime computer with its NIC number
network.computers[i] = MakeComputer(puzzleInput)
network.computers[i].Step(i)
// setup queue for this NIC computer, slice of [2]int
network.queues[i] = [][2]int{}
}
}
/*
Intcode is an OOP approach *************************************************
MakeComputer is equivalent to the constructor
Step takes in an input int and updates properties in the computer:
- InstructionIndex: where to read the next instruction from
- LastOutput, what the last opcode 4 outputted
- PuzzleIndex based if the last instruction modified the puzzle at all
****************************************************************************/
type Intcode struct {
PuzzleInput []int // file/puzzle input parsed into slice of ints
InstructionIndex int // stores the index where the next instruction is
RelativeBase int // relative base for opcode 9 and param mode 2
Outputs []int // stores all outputs
IsRunning bool // will be true until a 99 opcode is hit
}
// MakeComputer initializes a new comp
func MakeComputer(PuzzleInput []int) *Intcode {
puzzleInputCopy := make([]int, len(PuzzleInput))
copy(puzzleInputCopy, PuzzleInput)
comp := Intcode{
puzzleInputCopy,
0,
0,
make([]int, 0),
true,
}
return &comp
}
// Step will read the next 4 values in the input `sli` and make updates
// according to the opcodes
// Update to run iteratively (while the computer is running)
// it will also return out if a -1 input is asked for
// then call Step again to provide the next input, or run with -1 from the start
// to run the computer until it asks for an input OR terminates
func (comp *Intcode) Step(input int) {
for comp.IsRunning {
// read the instruction, opcode and the indexes where the params point to
opcode, paramIndexes := comp.GetOpCodeAndParamIndexes()
param1, param2, param3 := paramIndexes[0], paramIndexes[1], paramIndexes[2]
// ensure params are within the bounds of PuzzleInput, resize if necessary
switch opcode {
case 1, 2, 7, 8:
comp.ResizeMemory(param1, param2, param3)
case 5, 6:
comp.ResizeMemory(param1, param2)
case 3, 4, 9:
comp.ResizeMemory(param1)
}
switch opcode {
case 99: // 99: Terminates program
// fmt.Println("Terminating...")
comp.IsRunning = false
case 1: // 1: Add next two paramIndexes, store in third
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = comp.PuzzleInput[param1] + comp.PuzzleInput[param2]
comp.InstructionIndex += 4
case 2: // 2: Multiply next two and store in third
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = comp.PuzzleInput[param1] * comp.PuzzleInput[param2]
comp.InstructionIndex += 4
case 3: // 3: Takes one input and saves it to position of one parameter
// check if input has already been used (i.e. input == -1)
// if it's been used, return out to prevent further Steps
// NOTE: making a big assumption that -2 will never be an input...
// Note: changed the exit number to -2 because -1 is used in these computers for no-input/empty queues
if input == -2 {
return
}
// else recurse with a -1 to signal the initial input has been processed
comp.PuzzleInput[param1] = input
comp.InstructionIndex += 2
// change the input value so the next time a 3 opcode is hit, will return out
input = -2
case 4: // 4: outputs its input value
output := comp.PuzzleInput[param1]
// set LastOutput of the computer & log it
comp.Outputs = append(comp.Outputs, output)
comp.InstructionIndex += 2
// 5: jump-if-true: if first param != 0, move pointer to second param, else nothing
case 5:
if comp.PuzzleInput[param1] != 0 {
comp.InstructionIndex = comp.PuzzleInput[param2]
} else {
comp.InstructionIndex += 3
}
// 6: jump-if-false, if first param == 0 then set instruction pointer to 2nd param, else nothing
case 6:
if comp.PuzzleInput[param1] == 0 {
comp.InstructionIndex = comp.PuzzleInput[param2]
} else {
comp.InstructionIndex += 3
}
// 7: less-than, if param1 < param2 then store 1 in postion of 3rd param, else store 0
case 7:
if comp.PuzzleInput[param1] < comp.PuzzleInput[param2] {
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = 1
} else {
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = 0
}
comp.InstructionIndex += 4
// 8: equals, if param1 == param2 then set position of 3rd param to 1, else store 0
case 8:
if comp.PuzzleInput[param1] == comp.PuzzleInput[param2] {
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = 1
} else {
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = 0
}
comp.InstructionIndex += 4
// 9: adjust relative base
case 9:
comp.RelativeBase += comp.PuzzleInput[param1]
comp.InstructionIndex += 2
default:
log.Fatalf("Error: unknown opcode %v at index %v", opcode, comp.PuzzleInput[comp.InstructionIndex])
}
}
}
/*
GetOpCodeAndParamIndexes will parse the instruction at comp.PuzzleInput[comp.InstructionIndex]
- opcode will be the left two digits, mod by 100 will get that
- rest of instructions will be grabbed via mod 10
- these also have to be parsed for the
*/
func (comp *Intcode) GetOpCodeAndParamIndexes() (int, [3]int) {
instruction := comp.PuzzleInput[comp.InstructionIndex]
// opcode is the lowest two digits, so mod by 100
opcode := instruction % 100
instruction /= 100
// assign the indexes that need to be read by reading the parameter modes
var paramIndexes [3]int
for i := 1; i <= 3 && comp.InstructionIndex+i < len(comp.PuzzleInput); i++ {
// grab the mode with a mod, last digit
mode := instruction % 10
instruction /= 10
switch mode {
case 0: // position mode, index will be the value at the index
paramIndexes[i-1] = comp.PuzzleInput[comp.InstructionIndex+i]
case 1: // immediate mode, the index itself
paramIndexes[i-1] = comp.InstructionIndex + i
case 2: // relative mode, like position mode but index is added to relative base
paramIndexes[i-1] = comp.PuzzleInput[comp.InstructionIndex+i] + comp.RelativeBase
}
}
return opcode, paramIndexes
}
// ResizeMemory will take any number of integers and resize the computer's memory appropriately
func (comp *Intcode) ResizeMemory(sizes ...int) {
// get largest of input sizes
maxArg := sizes[0]
for _, v := range sizes {
if v > maxArg {
maxArg = v
}
}
// resize if PuzzleInput's length is shorter
if maxArg >= len(comp.PuzzleInput) {
// make empty slice to copy into, of the new, larger size
resizedPuzzleInput := make([]int, maxArg+1)
// copy old puzzle input values in
copy(resizedPuzzleInput, comp.PuzzleInput)
// overwrite puzzle input
comp.PuzzleInput = resizedPuzzleInput
}
}
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/*
Intcode struct is defined within this file
Network struct to store 50 instances of Intcode computers and 50 queues for their inputs
NAT variables are just stored in main goroutine instead of in another struct
*/
package main
import (
"adventofcode/util"
"fmt"
"log"
"strconv"
"strings"
)
func main() {
// read the input file, modify it to a slice of numbers
inputFile := util.ReadFile("../input.txt")
splitStrings := strings.Split(inputFile, ",")
inputNumbers := make([]int, len(splitStrings))
for i, v := range splitStrings {
inputNumbers[i], _ = strconv.Atoi(v)
}
// make the network
network := Network{}
network.Init(inputNumbers)
// NAT packet (gets overwritten anytime a write to 255 happens)
// lastNatY value stored here and compared everytime the NAT will write to 0
natPacket := [2]int{}
var lastNatY int
// run indefinitely...
// assuming that I can step through each computer one at a time,
// that they don't truly need to be running concurrently
for {
// declare a boolean flag to signal when all computers are waiting for input
allNatsWaiting := true
// iterate over all 50 computers
for i := 0; i < 50; i++ {
// if this computer's queue is empty, use -1 as an input
if len(network.queues[i]) == 0 {
network.computers[i].Step(-1)
} else {
// Flip boolean for allNatsWaiting if any
allNatsWaiting = false
// Process off of the front of this computer's queue
front := network.queues[i][0]
network.computers[i].Step(front[0])
network.computers[i].Step(front[1])
// dequeue
network.queues[i] = network.queues[i][1:]
}
// while there are unhandled outputs of this computer, add them to the
// receiving computers's queues OR the NAT
for len(network.computers[i].Outputs) > 2 {
destination := network.computers[i].Outputs[0]
packet := [2]int{network.computers[i].Outputs[1],
network.computers[i].Outputs[2]}
// remove three from Outputs slice
network.computers[i].Outputs = network.computers[i].Outputs[3:]
// if destination is 255, overwrite NAT packet
if destination == 255 {
natPacket = packet
} else {
// otherwise, add to queue of correct NIC computer
network.queues[destination] = append(network.queues[destination], packet)
}
}
}
// if all nat computers are waiting for inputs, write the natpacket to
// the zero-th computer's queue
if allNatsWaiting {
// check if this packet has a duplicate Y value, if so print AoC output
if lastNatY == natPacket[1] {
fmt.Println(lastNatY, "written to NAT twice")
// stop the infinite loop
return
}
network.queues[0] = append(network.queues[0], natPacket)
lastNatY = natPacket[1]
}
}
}
// Network will hold all 50 NIC computers
type Network struct {
computers []*Intcode
queues [][][2]int // each element will be a packet for the same-index computer to handle
}
// Init sets up the 50 computers and queues
func (network *Network) Init(puzzleInput []int) {
network.computers, network.queues = make([]*Intcode, 50), make([][][2]int, 50)
for i := 0; i < 50; i++ {
// Make and prime computer with its NIC number
network.computers[i] = MakeComputer(puzzleInput)
network.computers[i].Step(i)
// setup queue for this NIC computer, slice of [2]int
network.queues[i] = [][2]int{}
}
}
/*
Intcode is an OOP approach *************************************************
MakeComputer is equivalent to the constructor
Step takes in an input int and updates properties in the computer:
- InstructionIndex: where to read the next instruction from
- LastOutput, what the last opcode 4 outputted
- PuzzleIndex based if the last instruction modified the puzzle at all
****************************************************************************/
type Intcode struct {
PuzzleInput []int // file/puzzle input parsed into slice of ints
InstructionIndex int // stores the index where the next instruction is
RelativeBase int // relative base for opcode 9 and param mode 2
Outputs []int // stores all outputs
IsRunning bool // will be true until a 99 opcode is hit
}
// MakeComputer initializes a new comp
func MakeComputer(PuzzleInput []int) *Intcode {
puzzleInputCopy := make([]int, len(PuzzleInput))
copy(puzzleInputCopy, PuzzleInput)
comp := Intcode{
puzzleInputCopy,
0,
0,
make([]int, 0),
true,
}
return &comp
}
// Step will read the next 4 values in the input `sli` and make updates
// according to the opcodes
// Update to run iteratively (while the computer is running)
// it will also return out if a -1 input is asked for
// then call Step again to provide the next input, or run with -1 from the start
// to run the computer until it asks for an input OR terminates
func (comp *Intcode) Step(input int) {
for comp.IsRunning {
// read the instruction, opcode and the indexes where the params point to
opcode, paramIndexes := comp.GetOpCodeAndParamIndexes()
param1, param2, param3 := paramIndexes[0], paramIndexes[1], paramIndexes[2]
// ensure params are within the bounds of PuzzleInput, resize if necessary
switch opcode {
case 1, 2, 7, 8:
comp.ResizeMemory(param1, param2, param3)
case 5, 6:
comp.ResizeMemory(param1, param2)
case 3, 4, 9:
comp.ResizeMemory(param1)
}
switch opcode {
case 99: // 99: Terminates program
// fmt.Println("Terminating...")
comp.IsRunning = false
case 1: // 1: Add next two paramIndexes, store in third
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = comp.PuzzleInput[param1] + comp.PuzzleInput[param2]
comp.InstructionIndex += 4
case 2: // 2: Multiply next two and store in third
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = comp.PuzzleInput[param1] * comp.PuzzleInput[param2]
comp.InstructionIndex += 4
case 3: // 3: Takes one input and saves it to position of one parameter
// check if input has already been used (i.e. input == -1)
// if it's been used, return out to prevent further Steps
// NOTE: making a big assumption that -2 will never be an input...
// Note: changed the exit number to -2 because -1 is used in these computers for no-input/empty queues
if input == -2 {
return
}
// else recurse with a -1 to signal the initial input has been processed
comp.PuzzleInput[param1] = input
comp.InstructionIndex += 2
// change the input value so the next time a 3 opcode is hit, will return out
input = -2
case 4: // 4: outputs its input value
output := comp.PuzzleInput[param1]
// set LastOutput of the computer & log it
comp.Outputs = append(comp.Outputs, output)
comp.InstructionIndex += 2
// 5: jump-if-true: if first param != 0, move pointer to second param, else nothing
case 5:
if comp.PuzzleInput[param1] != 0 {
comp.InstructionIndex = comp.PuzzleInput[param2]
} else {
comp.InstructionIndex += 3
}
// 6: jump-if-false, if first param == 0 then set instruction pointer to 2nd param, else nothing
case 6:
if comp.PuzzleInput[param1] == 0 {
comp.InstructionIndex = comp.PuzzleInput[param2]
} else {
comp.InstructionIndex += 3
}
// 7: less-than, if param1 < param2 then store 1 in postion of 3rd param, else store 0
case 7:
if comp.PuzzleInput[param1] < comp.PuzzleInput[param2] {
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = 1
} else {
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = 0
}
comp.InstructionIndex += 4
// 8: equals, if param1 == param2 then set position of 3rd param to 1, else store 0
case 8:
if comp.PuzzleInput[param1] == comp.PuzzleInput[param2] {
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = 1
} else {
comp.PuzzleInput[param3] = 0
}
comp.InstructionIndex += 4
// 9: adjust relative base
case 9:
comp.RelativeBase += comp.PuzzleInput[param1]
comp.InstructionIndex += 2
default:
log.Fatalf("Error: unknown opcode %v at index %v", opcode, comp.PuzzleInput[comp.InstructionIndex])
}
}
}
/*
GetOpCodeAndParamIndexes will parse the instruction at comp.PuzzleInput[comp.InstructionIndex]
- opcode will be the left two digits, mod by 100 will get that
- rest of instructions will be grabbed via mod 10
- these also have to be parsed for the
*/
func (comp *Intcode) GetOpCodeAndParamIndexes() (int, [3]int) {
instruction := comp.PuzzleInput[comp.InstructionIndex]
// opcode is the lowest two digits, so mod by 100
opcode := instruction % 100
instruction /= 100
// assign the indexes that need to be read by reading the parameter modes
var paramIndexes [3]int
for i := 1; i <= 3 && comp.InstructionIndex+i < len(comp.PuzzleInput); i++ {
// grab the mode with a mod, last digit
mode := instruction % 10
instruction /= 10
switch mode {
case 0: // position mode, index will be the value at the index
paramIndexes[i-1] = comp.PuzzleInput[comp.InstructionIndex+i]
case 1: // immediate mode, the index itself
paramIndexes[i-1] = comp.InstructionIndex + i
case 2: // relative mode, like position mode but index is added to relative base
paramIndexes[i-1] = comp.PuzzleInput[comp.InstructionIndex+i] + comp.RelativeBase
}
}
return opcode, paramIndexes
}
// ResizeMemory will take any number of integers and resize the computer's memory appropriately
func (comp *Intcode) ResizeMemory(sizes ...int) {
// get largest of input sizes
maxArg := sizes[0]
for _, v := range sizes {
if v > maxArg {
maxArg = v
}
}
// resize if PuzzleInput's length is shorter
if maxArg >= len(comp.PuzzleInput) {
// make empty slice to copy into, of the new, larger size
resizedPuzzleInput := make([]int, maxArg+1)
// copy old puzzle input values in
copy(resizedPuzzleInput, comp.PuzzleInput)
// overwrite puzzle input
comp.PuzzleInput = resizedPuzzleInput
}
}
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--- Day 23: Category Six ---
The droids have finished repairing as much of the ship as they can. Their report indicates that this was a Category 6 disaster - not because it was that bad, but because it destroyed the stockpile of Category 6 network cables as well as most of the ship's network infrastructure.
You'll need to rebuild the network from scratch.
The computers on the network are standard Intcode computers that communicate by sending packets to each other. There are 50 of them in total, each running a copy of the same Network Interface Controller (NIC) software (your puzzle input). The computers have network addresses 0 through 49; when each computer boots up, it will request its network address via a single input instruction. Be sure to give each computer a unique network address.
Once a computer has received its network address, it will begin doing work and communicating over the network by sending and receiving packets. All packets contain two values named X and Y. Packets sent to a computer are queued by the recipient and read in the order they are received.
To send a packet to another computer, the NIC will use three output instructions that provide the destination address of the packet followed by its X and Y values. For example, three output instructions that provide the values 10, 20, 30 would send a packet with X=20 and Y=30 to the computer with address 10.
To receive a packet from another computer, the NIC will use an input instruction. If the incoming packet queue is empty, provide -1. Otherwise, provide the X value of the next packet; the computer will then use a second input instruction to receive the Y value for the same packet. Once both values of the packet are read in this way, the packet is removed from the queue.
Note that these input and output instructions never block. Specifically, output instructions do not wait for the sent packet to be received - the computer might send multiple packets before receiving any. Similarly, input instructions do not wait for a packet to arrive - if no packet is waiting, input instructions should receive -1.
Boot up all 50 computers and attach them to your network. What is the Y value of the first packet sent to address 255?
Your puzzle answer was 15969.
--- Part Two ---
Packets sent to address 255 are handled by a device called a NAT (Not Always Transmitting). The NAT is responsible for managing power consumption of the network by blocking certain packets and watching for idle periods in the computers.
If a packet would be sent to address 255, the NAT receives it instead. The NAT remembers only the last packet it receives; that is, the data in each packet it receives overwrites the NAT's packet memory with the new packet's X and Y values.
The NAT also monitors all computers on the network. If all computers have empty incoming packet queues and are continuously trying to receive packets without sending packets, the network is considered idle.
Once the network is idle, the NAT sends only the last packet it received to address 0; this will cause the computers on the network to resume activity. In this way, the NAT can throttle power consumption of the network when the ship needs power in other areas.
Monitor packets released to the computer at address 0 by the NAT. What is the first Y value delivered by the NAT to the computer at address 0 twice in a row?
Your puzzle answer was 10650.
Both parts of this puzzle are complete! They provide two gold stars: **