Separate logger implementations for each hardware platform into different files (#6167)

Co-authored-by: Jesse Hills <3060199+jesserockz@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Keith Burzinski <kbx81x@gmail.com>

esphome/components/logger/logger_host.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#if defined(USE_HOST)
+#include "logger.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace logger {
+
+void HOT Logger::write_msg_(const char *msg) {
+  time_t rawtime;
+  struct tm *timeinfo;
+  char buffer[80];
+
+  time(&rawtime);
+  timeinfo = localtime(&rawtime);
+  strftime(buffer, sizeof buffer, "[%H:%M:%S]", timeinfo);
+  fputs(buffer, stdout);
+  puts(msg);
+}
+
+}  // namespace logger
+}  // namespace esphome
+
+#endif