Make pulse_meter PULSE filter report the pulse as soon as it can (#6014)

esphome/components/pulse_meter/pulse_meter_sensor.h

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ class PulseMeterSensor : public sensor::Sensor, public Component {
   // Variables used in the loop
   enum class MeterState { INITIAL, RUNNING, TIMED_OUT };
   MeterState meter_state_ = MeterState::INITIAL;
+  bool peeked_edge_ = false;
   uint32_t total_pulses_ = 0;
   uint32_t last_processed_edge_us_ = 0;
 
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ class PulseMeterSensor : public sensor::Sensor, public Component {
   // (except for resetting the values)
   struct State {
     uint32_t last_detected_edge_us_ = 0;
+    uint32_t last_rising_edge_us_ = 0;
     uint32_t count_ = 0;
   };
   State state_[2];
@@ -61,10 +63,20 @@ class PulseMeterSensor : public sensor::Sensor, public Component {
 
   // Only use these variables in the ISR
   ISRInternalGPIOPin isr_pin_;
-  uint32_t last_edge_candidate_us_ = 0;
-  uint32_t last_intr_ = 0;
-  bool in_pulse_ = false;
-  bool last_pin_val_ = false;
+
+  /// Filter state for edge mode
+  struct EdgeState {
+    uint32_t last_sent_edge_us_ = 0;
+  };
+  EdgeState edge_state_{};
+
+  /// Filter state for pulse mode
+  struct PulseState {
+    uint32_t last_intr_ = 0;
+    bool latched_ = false;
+    bool last_pin_val_ = false;
+  };
+  PulseState pulse_state_{};
 };
 
 }  // namespace pulse_meter