UART component support added for host platform (#6912)

Co-authored-by: Jesse Hills <3060199+jesserockz@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Pavlo Dudnytskyi <pdudnytskyi@astrata.eu>

esphome/components/uart/uart_component_host.h

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#ifdef USE_HOST
+
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "esphome/core/log.h"
+#include "uart_component.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace uart {
+
+class HostUartComponent : public UARTComponent, public Component {
+ public:
+  virtual ~HostUartComponent();
+  void setup() override;
+  void dump_config() override;
+  float get_setup_priority() const override { return setup_priority::BUS; }
+  void write_array(const uint8_t *data, size_t len) override;
+  bool peek_byte(uint8_t *data) override;
+  bool read_array(uint8_t *data, size_t len) override;
+  int available() override;
+  void flush() override;
+  void set_name(std::string port_name) { port_name_ = port_name; };
+
+ protected:
+  void update_error_(const std::string &error);
+  void check_logger_conflict() override {}
+  std::string port_name_;
+  std::string first_error_{""};
+  int file_descriptor_ = -1;
+  bool has_peek_{false};
+  uint8_t peek_byte_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace uart
+}  // namespace esphome
+
+#endif  // USE_HOST