Add ENS210 Humidity & Temperature sensor component (#2942)

Co-authored-by: Jesse Hills <3060199+jesserockz@users.noreply.github.com>

esphome/components/ens210/ens210.h

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+#include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
+#include "esphome/components/i2c/i2c.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace ens210 {
+
+/// This class implements support for the ENS210 relative humidity and temperature i2c sensor.
+class ENS210Component : public PollingComponent, public i2c::I2CDevice {
+ public:
+  float get_setup_priority() const override;
+  void dump_config() override;
+  void setup() override;
+  void update() override;
+
+  void set_humidity_sensor(sensor::Sensor *humidity_sensor) { humidity_sensor_ = humidity_sensor; }
+  void set_temperature_sensor(sensor::Sensor *temperature_sensor) { temperature_sensor_ = temperature_sensor; }
+
+  enum ErrorCode {
+    ENS210_STATUS_OK = 0,     // The value was read, the CRC matches, and data is valid
+    ENS210_STATUS_INVALID,    // The value was read, the CRC matches, but the data is invalid (e.g. the measurement was
+                              // not yet finished)
+    ENS210_STATUS_CRC_ERROR,  // The value was read, but the CRC over the payload (valid and data) does not match
+    ENS210_STATUS_I2C_ERROR,  // There was an I2C communication error
+    ENS210_WRONG_CHIP_ID      // The read PART_ID is not the expected part id of the ENS210
+  } error_code_{ENS210_STATUS_OK};
+
+ protected:
+  bool set_low_power_(bool enable);
+  void extract_measurement_(uint32_t val, int *data, int *status);
+
+  sensor::Sensor *temperature_sensor_;
+  sensor::Sensor *humidity_sensor_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace ens210
+}  // namespace esphome