feat: Add HTU31D Support (#5805)

Co-authored-by: Jesse Hills <3060199+jesserockz@users.noreply.github.com>

esphome/components/htu31d/htu31d.h

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/components/i2c/i2c.h"
+#include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
+#include "esphome/core/automation.h"
+#include "esphome/core/component.h"
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace htu31d {
+
+class HTU31DComponent : public PollingComponent, public i2c::I2CDevice {
+ public:
+  void setup() override;        /// Setup (reset) the sensor and check connection.
+  void update() override;       /// Update the sensor values (temperature+humidity).
+  void dump_config() override;  /// Dumps the configuration values.
+
+  void set_temperature(sensor::Sensor *temperature) { this->temperature_ = temperature; }
+  void set_humidity(sensor::Sensor *humidity) { this->humidity_ = humidity; }
+
+  void set_heater_state(bool desired);
+  bool is_heater_enabled();
+
+  float get_setup_priority() const override;
+
+ protected:
+  bool reset_();
+  uint32_t read_serial_num_();
+
+  sensor::Sensor *temperature_{nullptr};
+  sensor::Sensor *humidity_{nullptr};
+};
+}  // namespace htu31d
+}  // namespace esphome